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The 99th battled on to the bridge at Remagen that was taken on March 7th. 395 Infantry Regiment Medical Detachment (99th Infantry Division) Report, January 1945. In the event of an emergency, the battalion headquarters and company administrative personnel, including clerks and motor-pool staff, were to join the platoon, creating a small reserve force of about 100 men. This was the most southern area of the Battle of the Bulge. Although 3/395 had only 600 men to defend a large area, they had been told that the German army, or Wehrmacht, was no longer capable of major offensive operations and that their winter in the Ardennes would be a quiet one. Cemeteries & Memorials; Burial Search; About Us; Education; Facebook; Twitter; YouTube; Instagram; ABMC Headquarters 2300 Clarendon Blvd, Suite 500 Arlington, VA 22201 Phone: 703-584-1501. Ehrenfried-Oskar Bge. The Allied victory against the Axis was a long journeyone that actually took much longer than the war itself. Category: 395thIR On this page, we honor the memory of the men of the 99th Infantry Division and pay tribute to their extraordinary contributions to the war effort. It had its headquarters at Franklin, Pennsylvania, and drew its personnel from Pennsylvania. Allies and former enemy Germany mark 75th anniversary of Battle of Battle of the Bulge: WWII vets travel to Belgium for 75th anniversary. Originally planned as a Pennsylvania unit, The 395th Infantry Regimentwas an infantryregimentof the United States Army, part of the 99th Infantry Divisionduring World War II. [16], After Iraq invaded Kuwait in August 1990, 22 99th units deployed to Saudi Arabia, Europe, and other locations. The 99th Infantry Division, the "Checkerboard" division, gained its nickname from the division's insignia. Not so in the pre-dawn hours of December 16 in the Ardennes Forest. The other two regiments of the 99th Division had been beaten to a pulp by the initial German assault, and for the most part had been rendered ineffective, thus leaving the 395th dangerously exposed to a flank assault. 18 Dec 44-7 Jan 45 Attached to 2d Infantry Division, Blandford (Longton Long, Dorset Barracks), 370th Field Artillery Battalion (105mm Howitzer), 371st Field Artillery Battalion (105mm Howitzer), 924th Field Artillery Battalion (105mm Howitzer), 372d Field Artillery Battalion (155mm Howitzer). The remainder of the battalion reached the Rhine River on that same day and crossed the Remagen Bridge which four days after being captured was still being shelled by German artillery. [11], The area around Hfen and Monschau were critical because of the road network that lay behind them. A member of the 395th Infantry Regiment , the photographer captured an amazing scene through the lens of this camera in these images. The 3rd Battalion, 395th Regiment had acquitted itself with valor, having held its lines despite the harsh winter weather, the enemy's numerical superiority and greater numbers of armored units. provides support December 1944. The real crusher to the German offensive plans in the Ardennes occurred 46 miles north east of Bastogne, in a small area consisting of a copse of small villages and a piece of high ground called Elsenborn Ridge. The insignia was devised upon the 99th's formation in 1942 when the division was headquartered in the city of Pittsburgh. The National WWII Museum Digital Collections. The Germans would never take Hfen, nor most of their other ambitious objectives in the Ardennes, due in large part to the soldiers of 3/395 and the 99th ID as a whole. With its sister battalions, the 1st, 395th Engineer and 2nd, 395th Field Artillery, the 3rd Battalion (TS) (AR) role is to train National Guard armor and infantry battalions across a three-state region and improve their combat readiness. The 5th replaced the 4 th Infantry Division on December 23 rd, and pushed the Germans back to the Sauer River. Their success in defending Hfen resulted in the 395th Infantry being repeatedly assigned to other divisions for difficult assignments during the remainder of the war, earning them the sobriquet, Butler's Blue Battlin' Bastards. [13], To the north of Hfen lay a paved main road that led through the Monschau Forest, at whose eastern edge it forked. The 3rd Battalion of the 395th Infantry Regiment (3/395), commanded by Lieutenant Colonel McClernand Butler, occupied the town of Hfen on the German border. German troops pass burning American equipment during the Ardennes offensive. "[9]:1738 On at least six occasions they called in artillery strikes on or directly in front of their own positions. When the Ardennes Offensive ended, Gen. Lauer received verbal commendations from Field Marshal Sir Bernard L. Montgomery, 21st Army Group Commander, and Gen. Courtney Hodges, First Army Commander, on the vigorous and effective defense contributed by the 99th. While the 99th was fully involved in this large mobilization, the headquarters moved to Coraopolis, Pennsylvania. After the battalion was inactivated on 29 September 1945, its colors remained folded for more than fifty years. In January 2003, the 99th RSC started mobilizing units for projected operations in Iraq. American troops from the 290th Regiment near Amonines, Belgium. The division insignia is a three lined checkerboard design of blue and white squares centered on a black shield. The division was chiefly manned with graduates of the ROTC programs of the Carnegie Institute of Technology, Duquesne University. Any delay would jeopardize the plan to cross the Meuse River and advance on Antwerp before the skies cleared and the Allies regained their balance. [17]:51, On another day, the 3rd Battalion took 50 Germans prisoner and killed or wounded more than 800 Germans, losing only five dead and seven wounded themselves. But the infantry often bore worse casualties than the tanks did and had to be replaced and reinforced more quickly. . April 13th, 1945 - 99th Division, 395th Infantry Regiment, in the Ruhr The citation read: During the German offensive in the Ardennes, the Third Battalion in the 395th Infantry, was assigned the mission of holding the Monschau-Eupen-Liege Road. A few miles to the east lay the Siegfried Line, the enemys final defensive line guarding the German heartland. Several photos from the private collection of the family of Dean F. THE EARLY YEARS Joseph Richard Evans (Dick) was born on October 17, 1920 to Charles E. Evansand Wenonah (nee Muirhead/Miller)in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. [14] If the Germans penetrated Hfen, the U.S. soldiers would have to withdraw several miles to the next defensible position.[10]. Fourteen of the 18 platoon members were wounded, while only one soldier, a member of the artillery observation team, was killed. The enemy was moving through large gaps in the lines, and Americans were either being captured or killed in enormous numbers or retreating in disarray and panic. The division was destroyed near Vitebsk during the Soviet Vitebsk-Orsha Offensive of Operation Bagration in the summer of 1944. [16], In 2005, the Army Reserve began its latest transformation under the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) directive and lessons learned from eight years of deployments in support of the Global War on Terrorism. Butler's great-grandfather, General John Alexander McClernand, commanded infantry during the Civil War. The breakout from Saint-L, France was accomplished far more rapidly than Allied planners had dared hope, and American units plunged through the French countryside with undreamed of rapidity, far in advance of operational plans. The division lost about 20% of its effective strength, including 465 killed and 2,524 evacuated due to wounds, injuries, fatigue, or trench foot; German losses were much higher. Shield The 395th Infantry, Organized Reserves, was organized in 1921. The 99th then moved to Schwarzenau, on 3 April, and attacked the southeast sector of the Ruhr Pocket on the 5th. "In two cases, the enemy fell in the BAR gunners' foxholes. For their actions the battalion was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation which read, in part: outnumbered 5 to 1, [3/395] inflicted casualties in the ratio of 18 to 1. 945 Magazine Street, New Orleans, LA 70130 The 99th Infantry Division Artefacts Collection. Infanterie-Division) was a German division in World War II. They inflicted disproportionate casualties on the Germans, and were one of the only units that did not give ground during the Battle of the Bulge. Told it was the 3rd Battalion, 395th Infantry, he said, "It must have been one of your best formations." Battle of Elsenborn Ridge - Wikipedia On May 34, 1945, as the 99th moved deeper into Bavaria, it liberated one of a number of Dachau subcamps near the town of Mhldorf. Put under the operational control of V Corps, First Army, it moved to Le Havre, France on 3 November and proceeded to Aubel, Belgium, to prepare to enter the front lines. On 17 September 2008, the 99th Regional Support Command was activated at Fort Dix, N.J. 449, U.S. ARMY 15 January 1945 SUBJECT: History of Medical Detachment, 395th Infantry Regiment, 1 December to 31 December 1944. Alexander John Mackenzie was born in New York City, 22 February 1895, the son of Alexina and Kenneth M. Richard V. Horrell WW 2 Connections, Aug 6, 2010 #6 Buten42 Member Joined: Jun 27, 2009 Messages: 1,287 Likes Received: 210 Location: Washington State These two German divisions directed their fury against the 395th early on the morning of the December 17. [11] They continued to Linz am Rhein and to the Wied River. 394th Infantry Regiment Medical Detachment (99th Infantry Division), Medical History, December 1944. When told it was 3/395, the prisoner replied, It must be one of your best formations.. 395 th Regiment Constituted 23 July 1918 in the National Army as the 395th Infantry and assigned to the 99th Division Demobilized 30 November 1918 Reconstituted 24 June 1921 in the. The men carried out missions without orders when their positions were penetrated or infiltrated. Two men who had been sent on foot to regimental headquarters to seek reinforcements were later captured. 395th Infantry Regiment (united States) - Encyclopedia Information Field Artillery Battalions were the 370th, 371st, 372nd & the 924th. Butler's regiment crossed the Erft Canal near the Rhine and enlarged the bridgehead, taking that town with a night attack without losing a single man. It was redesignated for the 395th Regiment on 7 June 1999. A. Gallagher assumed command for the last few days of the war. 3/395 greeted the Volksgrenadiers with a punishing hail of bullets, mortars, and artillery. The inexperienced troops of the division were lodged on the northern shoulder of the Ardennes Offensive on 16 December. The Legacy of the 99th Infantry Division: Our Artifacts Collection The 99th Infantry Division Historical Society is dedicated to preserving, Discovering the Legacy of a WW2 Soldier: Tips and Tricks Are you interested in learning more about a WW2 veteran, They shall not grow old, As we that are left grow old: Age shall not weary them, Nor the years, Dean F. Gilbert was a membert of 3rd Platoon, L Company,394th Infantry Regiment. The artillery barrage lasted for an hour, and shortly afterwards German infantry from the 277th Volksgrenadier Division burst through the forest and headed at the positions of the 99th Infantry Divisions 395th Infantry Regiment near the village of Rocherath. 394th Infantry Regiment (United States) - Wikipedia Crossing on the 23d, it pushed east on the Koln-Frankfurt highway to Giessen. [2]:33 On at least six occasions they called in artillery strikes on or directly in front of their own positions. Fort Benning | Maneuver Center of Excellence Libraries | MCoE HQ 99th Infantry Division - U.S. Army Center of Military History 395th Infantry Regiment (United States) - Infogalactic: the planetary 3d Battalion (TS)(AR) 395th Regiment - GlobalSecurity.org 395th Infantry Regiment (United States) | Detailed Pedia 395thIR - 99th Infantry Division While the 99th ARCOM was allowed to wear the shoulder sleeve insignia of the 99th Infantry Division and use its number, Department of the Army policy does not allow for the lineage of MTOE units, such as infantry divisions, to be perpetuated by TDA units, such as ARCOMs. Despite mauling the Germans on their first attempt to take Hfen, 3/395s situation was grim. To make circumstances worse, just beyond the bloodied-but-not-beaten Volksgrenadiers waited the tanks of the 6th Panzer Army. Later that night, another enemy assault was similarly unsuccessful. The black represents the iron from the mills of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania where many of the troops were from. DELBERT A. SAYRE - 99th Infantry Division German Panzer tanks en route to the Ardennes. The largest of the ghettos where Eastern European Jews were first confined and, later, deported to extermination camps by the Nazis was set up in Warsaw, Poland. The 395th Regiment's success earned it many difficult assignments. Ordered into active military service: 15 November 1942 Camp Van Dorn, Mississippi. Despite fatigue, constant enemy shelling, and ever-increasing enemy pressure, the Third Battalion guarded a 6,000 yards (5,500m)-long front and destroyed 75 percent of three German infantry regiments. Over 83,000 Americans were casualties during the battle which lasted from December 16, 1944 until January 25, 1945, and as a result, the battle occupies a prominent place in our collective minds. [13], German prisoners captured during the Battle of the Bulge volunteered praise of the 99th's effective defense of Hfen. Battle of the Bulge The division lost about 20% of its effective strength, including 465 killed and 2,524 evacuated due to wounds, injuries, fatigue, or trench foot. The real crusher to the German offensive plans in the Ardennes occurred 46 miles north east of Bastogne, in a small area consisting of a copse of small villages and a piece of high ground called Elsenborn Ridge. 2nd Infantry Division soldiers dig in on a road bank and prepare defensive positions on the end of the Elsenborn Ridge on December 20, 1944. It was organized with the rest of the 99th on 16 November 1942 at Camp Van Dorn, Mississippi. The 3rd Battalion, 395th Infantry, led by Lt. Col. McClernand Butler and 2nd Lt. Col. Roy S. Groffy, occupied the area around Hfen, Germany, on the border with Belgium during early December. In the northern portion of the American line, heavy artillery shells crashed around the positions of the un-tested 99th Infantry Division from Lanzerath in the south to the forested areas near Monschau in the north. Notable. On at least six different occasions the battalion was forced to place artillery concentrations dangerously close to its own positions in order to repulse penetrations and restore its lines . . It was organized with the rest of the 99th on 16 November 1942 at Camp Van Dorn, Mississippi. Wendell Clark - 99th Infantry Division A group Still, some German assaults penetrated American lines near the town of Hofen where they were eventually captured after retreating into houses in the town. The thick forest was tangled with rocky gorges, little streams, and sharp hills. By the end of the December 16, much of the American front lines in the Ardennes had been broken by the German assault. . Troops were fatigued by weeks of continuous combat, Allied supply lines were stretched extremely thin, and supplies were dangerously depleted. Family lore, The 99th Infantry Division Artefacts Collection. Captain Ned Nelson, veteran of 3/395 and the battle at Hfen. After clearing towns west of the Rhine, it crossed the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen on the 11th. Butler attended, but did not graduate from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. The shield is silver, the old color of Infantry. The enemy artillery was so intense that communications were generally out. info@nationalww2museum.org Hfen-Monschau was vital to the operations success because the nearby road junctions would enable rapid movement of tanks. The 393rd, 394th, and 395th Regiments were put on line, each unit protecting approximately 11 kilometres (6.8mi) of front, roughly equivalent to one front-line infantry man every 91 metres (299ft). One Wehrmacht officer captured at Hfen asked his interrogators which unit had defended the town. The regiment was organized with three battalions, each containing three rifle companies and a weapons company armed with .30 caliber and .50 caliber machine guns. I decided to stage the night attack at Bergheim because my troops would be going across an open area about 500 yards (460m) long and 400 yards (370m) wide. The camp was newly built, and the barracks were covered in tar paper. Every member of the platoon was decorated, which included four Distinguished Service Crosses, five Silver Stars and ten Bronze Stars with "V" devices signifying awards for valor in combat.[10]. Specific units were charged with penetrating Germany's West Wall. Not only did your command assist in effectively frustrating that particular part of the plan, but it also inflicted such heavy losses on the enemy that he was unable to carry out other contemplated missions in other sectors of the Allied front. Dad proudly told that the 99th was the first complete unit cross the Remagen Bridge on March 9th or 10th. [6] On more than one occasion, BAR gunners would allow Germans to get within feet of their positions before opening fire, with the objective of increasing the odds of killing the attacking Germans. They killed Germans coming at them from the front, flanks and rear. It was like a golf course, so I used the night for concealment."[6]. Cited in the Order of the Day of the Belgian Army for action at Elsenborn Crest. After failing to capture Monschau on the battles second day, the 326th Volksgrenadier Division turned its attention back to Hfen on December 18th. The statue of the Minute Man, Captain John Parker, (H.H.Kitson, sculptor), stands on the common in Lexington, Massachusetts. General Eisenhower and his staff chose the Ardennes region, held by the First Army, as an area that could be held by as few troops as possible. The 99th Infantry Division, comprising the 393rd, 394th, and the 395th Infantry Regiments, arrived in England on 10 October 1944. The Germans were not finished with Butlers men, either. Even the most hardened veteran occasionally thinks he hears twigs snap, boots crush snow or other odd noises that can cause nerves to fray. [14], The 99th as a whole, outnumbered five to one, inflicted casualties in the ratio of eighteen to one. A written commendation was received from Maj. Gen. Leonard T. Gerow, V Corps Commander: I wish to express to you and the members of your command my appreciation and commendation for the fine job you did in preventing the enemy from carrying out his plans to break through the V Corps sector and push on to the Meuse River. A group of photos from his wartime, unfortenately we have not been able to. Butler said, "The biggest difficulty in carrying out a night attack is control, and having men who can coordinate well as a team in the dark. It attacked toward the Monschau Forest, on 1 February, mopping up and patrolling until it was relieved for training and rehabilitation, on 13 February. 99th Infantry Division (United States) - Wikipedia 395th Infantry Regiment Medical Detachment (99th Infantry . Earl Denzil Reese April 13th, 1945 - A combat engineer snapped this series of photos while riding on back of a truck during the Battle of the Ruhr Pocket. Under the 2021 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress Sign up for our newsletter and receive the mighty updates! [16], The U.S. Army Center of Military History states that the 99th RSC does not perpetuate the lineage and honors of the 99th Infantry Division. This assault, like the first, was ground to a halt due to heavy American small arms and artillery fire. [20], After a short period off the line, the battalion conducted offensive operations in Germany, including the seizure of several German towns from 1 to 5 March. Put under operational control of V Corps, First Army, it moved to Le Havre, France on 3 November and proceeded to Aubel, Belgium, to prepare to enter the front lines. Crest The crest is that of the U.S. Army Reserve. . [9], Because the unit's radios had been destroyed, the soldiers captured, and the rapid subsequent German advance, U.S. Army commanders did not know about the unit's success at slowing the German advance, or even if they had been captured or killed. The concentration camp was one of the "forest camps" (Waldlager) tied to the Mhldorf camp complex. On 28 January 1945, after six weeks of the most intense and relentless combat of the war in the biggest battle of World War II, involving approximately 1.3million men, the Allies declared the Ardennes Offensive, or Battle of the Bulge, officially over. Despite fatigue, constant enemy shelling, and ever-increasing enemy pressure, [they] guarded a 6,000-yard front and destroyed 75 percent of three German infantry regiments.. There Major Butler collapsed due to exhaustion on 30 April, and Lt. Col. J. The 395th received the following campaign streamers: The entire regiment was recognized with the following unit decorations: A silver color metal and enamel device .mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}3732 inches (2.94cm) in height overall consisting of a shield blazoned: Argent, a buck's head attired of ten tynes couped Or. At the going down of the sun And in the morning We will remember them." 324th Engineer Combat Battalion Albertson Dale W Bass Robert D Brown Edwin C Busk Was the 5th infantry at the battle of the bulge? Many historians have written about the famous Buffalo Soldiers of the all-Black 92nd Infantry Division, who fought with distinction during World War II. [5] After more than ten days of intense battle, they pushed the Americans out of the villages, but were unable to dislodge them from the ridge, where elements of the V Corps of the First U.S. Army prevented the German forces from reaching the road network to their west. The Battle of the Bulge was the largest battle ever fought by the United States Army. Butler held a single platoon of 40 men from Company L in reserve. It then intersected a main eastwest road at Bullingen. During the Battle of the Bulge, the regimentat times virtually surrounded by Germanswas one of the few units that did not yield ground to the attacking Germans. The 99th Infantry Division was the first complete division to cross the Rhine. A second road ran parallel to the division center and right wing, leaving the Hfen road at the small hamlet of Wahlerscheid, and continued south through two very small villages, the twin towns of Rocherath and Krinkelt. [1] As the American defenders began to assess casualties and ammunition supplies, the 12th SS hit them again. This quick infusion of personnel into the 99th Division occurred in March 1944, when more than 3000 joined the division. Most of the publicity for the American victory falls on the shoulders of the 101st Airborne and the map grid that centers on the town of Bastogne. The three heavy German assaults had worn down the ammunition supply, particularly that of the machine gunners, and had left the defenders mostly helpless. Several photos from the private collection of, THE EARLY YEARS Joseph Richard Evans (Dick) was born on October 17, 1920 to Charles E. Evansand Wenonah (nee Muirhead/Miller)in, Source: family of Raymond J. Willaredt. A U.S. Army World War II division was configured as a Triangular division, with three regimental maneuver elements. During the Battle of the Bulge, the regimentat times virtually surrounded by Germanswas one of the few units that did not yield ground to the attacking Germans. [19] The regiment's successful defense prevented the Germans, who had counted on surprise, numbers, and minimum hard fighting as their keys to success, from accessing the best routes into the Belgium interior, and seriously delayed their scheduled advance by more than 48 hours, allowing the Americans to move large numbers of units and bring up reserves. It was demobilized on 30 November 1918, but was later reconstituted on 21 June 1921 as a member of the Organized Reserves just like the 99th Infantry Division. This, however, was the moment that Hitlers master plan collided headfirst with American fortitude. 3/395, soon to be nicknamed Butlers Blue Battlin Bastards, was one of the only US Army units that did not retreat in the opening days of the battle. At precisely 0530 hours, the forest erupted in an ear shattering German artillery barrage along a 100 mile front. The 99th crossed the Ludwig Canal against stiff resistance and established a bridgehead over the Altmuhl River, 25 April. The sudden infusion of new men caused some friction with the old hands in the short term, but the long-term effects were generally positive. 395th Infantry Regiment, 99th Infantry Division | American Battle 99th Infantry Division Historical Society